ABSTRACT
Objective@#Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) provides a lot of evidence for local abnormal brain activity in schizophrenia, but the results are not consistent. Our aim is to find out the consistent abnormal brain regions of the patients with schizophrenia by using regional homogeneity (ReHo), and indirectly understand the degree of brain damage of the patients with drug-naive first episode schizophrenia (Dn-FES) and chronic schizophrenia. @*Methods@#We performed the experiment by activation likelihood estimation (ALE) software to analysis the differences between people with schizophrenia group (all schizophrenia group and chronic schizophrenia group) and healthy controls. @*Results@#Thirteen functional imaging studies were included in quantitative meta-analysis. All schizophrenia group showed decreased ReHo in bilateral precentral gyrus (PreCG) and left middle occipital gyrus (MOG), and increased ReHo in bilateral superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and right insula. Chronic schizophrenia group showed decreased ReHo in bilateral MOG, right fusiform gyrus, left PreCG, left cerebellum, right precuneus, left medial frontal gyrus and left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). No significant increased brain areas were found in patients with chronic schizophrenia. @*Conclusion@#Our findings suggest that patients with chronic schizophrenia have more extensive brain damage than FES, which may contribute to our understanding of the progressive pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) provides a lot of evidence for local abnormal brain activity in schizophrenia, but the results are not consistent. Our aim is to find out the consistent abnormal brain regions of the patients with schizophrenia by using regional homogeneity (ReHo), and indirectly understand the degree of brain damage of the patients with drug-naive first episode schizophrenia (Dn-FES) and chronic schizophrenia. @*Methods@#We performed the experiment by activation likelihood estimation (ALE) software to analysis the differences between people with schizophrenia group (all schizophrenia group and chronic schizophrenia group) and healthy controls. @*Results@#Thirteen functional imaging studies were included in quantitative meta-analysis. All schizophrenia group showed decreased ReHo in bilateral precentral gyrus (PreCG) and left middle occipital gyrus (MOG), and increased ReHo in bilateral superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and right insula. Chronic schizophrenia group showed decreased ReHo in bilateral MOG, right fusiform gyrus, left PreCG, left cerebellum, right precuneus, left medial frontal gyrus and left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). No significant increased brain areas were found in patients with chronic schizophrenia. @*Conclusion@#Our findings suggest that patients with chronic schizophrenia have more extensive brain damage than FES, which may contribute to our understanding of the progressive pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyse the clinical features of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)who had scores＜12 using reflux diagnostic questionnaires(RDQ).Methods A comparative and retrospective study was carried out in 148 GERD patients.Among whom 22 patients had low RDQ score(＜12)and 126 patients had high RDQ score(≥12).The differences in heart burn,substantial chest pain,regurgitation,severity and frequency of food reflux between two groups were compared.Nevertheless,the atypical symptoms such as chest distress.abnormal sensation of regurgitation or food reflux was significantly lower in patients with RDQ＜12 than those with RDQ≥accounted for 60.28%of the total RDQ score,whereas the heart burn,regurgitation and food reflux atypical symptom of chest distress was found in 13 patients(59.09%),abnormal sensation of throat in 8 patients(36.36%).cough and asthma in 3 patients(13.63%),headache in 5 patients(22.72%),belching in 9 patients(40.90%),aypnia in 8 patients(36.36%),and anxiety in 6 patients(27.27%).Conclusion RDQ is insensitive to those who have chest pain with no obvious symptom of heart burn,regurgitation or food reflux as well as those with atypical symptom beyond the RDQ.